Nitrogen (N) has an atomic number of 7 and is a neutral element in its standard atomic form. This means that in its uncharged state, nitrogen has no overall charge, as the number of protons (7) equals the number of electrons (7).
Ionic Forms of Nitrogen
- Nitrogen Ion (N³⁻): When nitrogen gains three electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration, it forms a nitride ion with a charge of -3.
- Nitrate Ion (NO₃⁻): In compounds like nitrate, nitrogen can have a formal charge of +1, depending on its bonding structure with oxygen.
Summary
- Neutral Nitrogen: No charge (0)
- Nitride Ion: Charge of -3 (N³⁻)
- Formal Charge in Compounds: Can vary (e.g., +1 in nitrate)
Understanding nitrogen’s charge is crucial in various chemical contexts, from simple molecules to complex compounds.